Pyinstaller package Python project

Little knowledge , Great challenge ！ This article is participating in “ A programmer must have a little knowledge ” Creative activities .

Hardware and software environment

• Windows 10 64bit
• PyQt5
• Anaconda with python 3.6.5
• pyinstaller
• apscheduler
• sqlalchemy

Preface

above PyQt5 Series of tutorials ( Four ) use py2exe Package the program How to use py2exe Here it is python3 Project packaging , This article introduces another packaging tool pyinstaller, Personal feeling is better than py2exe It's simpler 、 convenient , But also cross platform .

pyinstaller install

Execute... On the command line

pip install pyinstaller
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pack exe

Take the previous example , Unzip into the project directory , The command line executes the packaging command

pyinstaller -F --distpath release main.py
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among release It's the destination folder ,main.py It is the project entry file ,-F Means to generate an executable file .

pyinstaller There are many packaging parameters , If necessary, through help Check it out.

pyinstaller -h
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subprocess Packing problem

Include in package subprocess.Popen They found , Add parameters --noconsole When the exe When the file is running , The process is not running correctly . For example, we need to use subprocess.Popen Create a process to perform a command line operation ,

mProcess = subprocess.Popen(cmd,stdin=subprocess.DEVNULL, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,universal_newlines=True)
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pyinstaller The packaging operation command is as follows

pyinstaller -F --noconsole --clean --distpath release main.py
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It is generated after packing exe, Can run , However, the viewing process did not work correctly as expected .

The solution is to create the process , add startupinfo Parameters , as follows

si = subprocess.STARTUPINFO()
si.dwFlags |= subprocess.STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW
mProcess = subprocess.Popen(cmd,stdin=subprocess.DEVNULL, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,universal_newlines=True,startupinfo=si)
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Problem solving , For details, please refer to the information at the end of the text

apscheduler Packing problem

The project uses apscheduler This library , It's very good for timed tasks , It's also easy to use , But in the pyinstaller When packing , The following error occurred

The solution is , Edit the file /usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/apscheduler/__init__.py

# These will be removed in APScheduler 4.0.
# release = __import__('pkg_resources').get_distribution('APScheduler').version.split('-')[0]
# version_info = tuple(int(x) if x.isdigit() else x for x in release.split('.'))
# version = __version__ = '.'.join(str(x) for x in version_info[:3])

release = (3,3,1) 
version_info = '3.3.1' 
version = '3.3.1'
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3.3.1 I installed it apscheduler Version number of , Modify according to the actual situation .

Next, create a file named hook-ctypes.macholib.py, The contents are as follows

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from PyInstaller.utils.hooks import copy_metadata

datas = copy_metadata('apscheduler')
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Finally, execute the packing command

pyinstaller -F --clean --additional-hooks-dir hooks --distpath release main.py
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sqlalchemy Packing problem

In use pyinstaller Pack one and use sqlalchemy Library python3 In Engineering , Encountered the problem that the packaged executable file reported an error , As shown in the figure below

The solution is , take sqlalchemy.dialects Medium mysql introduce , Then use mysql+pymysql To open the database , The code is as follows

import pymysql

from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
from sqlalchemy.dialects import mysql

username = 'xugaoxiang'
passwd = '123456'
server = '192.168.0.100'
port = '3306'
dbname = 'djdb'

cmd_connect = 'mysql+pymysql://{}:{}@{}:{}/{}'.format(username, passwd, server, port, dbname)

engine = create_engine(cmd_connect)
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perform pyinstaller Packing command

pyinstaller -F --clean --distpath shark main.py
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remarks

In order to keep records , stay Github Created a project , The address is : github.com/xugaoxiang/…, All the code will be later 、 Documents and blog links are on it .

Reference material

• www.pyinstaller.org/
• github.com/pyinstaller…
• blog.csdn.net/Xiong_Big/a…