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Common OS operations for Python
2022-01-30 03:42:33 【Clever crane】
Little knowledge , Great challenge ! This article is participating in “ A programmer must have a little knowledge ” Creative activities .
1. Get all files in the current directory
have access to os.listdir(path)
function , It can return to path
The specified folder contains file
or Folder
A list of names .
How to use it is as follows :
import os
# Open file
path = "D://data/"
dirs = os.listdir( path )
# Output all files and folders
for file in dirs:
print (file)
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2. Traverse folders, including subfolders
have access to os.walk(path)
function , It can traverse all the files in the directory by swimming through the directory tree .
It returns a triple (root, dirs, files)
The generator ,
root
It refers to the address of the folder being traverseddirs
It's alist
, The contents are the names of all the directories in the folder ( Exclude subdirectories )files
It's alist
, The content is all the files in the folder ( Exclude subdirectories )
How to use it is as follows :
import os
path = "D://data/"
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
for name in files:
print(os.path.join(root, name))
for name in dirs:
print(os.path.join(root, name))
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3. Other commonly used OS operation
In addition, there are some commonly used os
operation , Such as os.path.exists(path)
and os.makedirs(path)
.
os.path.exists(path)
Used to determinepath
Does the path exist , returntrue
orfalse
.os.makedirs(path)
Used to createpath
route .
For example, when downloading files , Hope you can Breakpoint continuation
, That is, when downloading a file , First judge whether the file exists in the local path .
if not os.path.exists(path):
#todo: download file
downloadFile(path)
else:
pass
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Sometimes when saving files , If the path does not exist, it may fail to save and report an error , So you can first judge whether the path exists , If it does not exist , First create .
if not os.path.exists(path):
# create path
os.makedirs(path)
# todo: save file
saveFiles()
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